Kumarasaravanan K, Sridhar RamasamyThis email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., and Ilambirai RC
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203
Received: August 15, 2025 Accepted: November 6, 2025 Publication Date: December 27, 2025
Copyright The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited.
Effective water management schemes are needed to mitigate water scarcity issues in arid rural regions. Water distribution from a water resource to distant storage tanks often involves long conduit layouts with pumping motors, leading to pressure losses along the route. Powering and controlling these pumps become challenging when they are located in off-grid areas. This project proposes an Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled photovoltaic (PV) water pumping system with energy storage, suitable for regions where grid access is unavailable. The installed PV system charges the battery through a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) charge controller, and the stored energy is converted to AC using a sine pulse-width modulated (SPWM) inverter to drive the water pump. The system is emulated in MATLAB, and a hardware prototype has been developed using a 200 W PV module, charge controller, 12 V 100 Ah battery, TMS320F28379D-based SPWM inverter, ESP8266 IoT controller, and a 0.25 HP induction motor. The experimental results confirm that the coordinated MPPT–battery–SPWM inverter configuration maintains stable water flow and low total harmonic distortion (THD) even under fluctuating solar irradiance, while the IoT layer enables remote monitoring, automatic scheduling, and protection functions. These features collectively ensure reliable and energy-efficient water pumping, demonstrating that the proposed scheme offers a practical and intelligent solution for water transportation in arid rural areas.
Keywords: Photovoltaic; Water pumping; Internet of Things; Induction motor; MPPT; SPWM
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