Hierarchical Control of Energy Router Based on MPC and Real-Time Optimization Methods for Distribution Network

Jianfeng  Yang; Shun  Zhou; Jiawei  Wang

doi:10.6180/jase.202601_29(1).0021

Hierarchical Control of Energy Router Based on MPC and Real-Time Optimization Methods for Distribution Network

Jianfeng Yang, Shun ZhouThis email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., and Jiawei Wang

School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received: January 21, 2025
Accepted: April 1, 2025
Publication Date: May 10, 2025

Copyright The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited.

Download Citation: ||https://doi.org/10.6180/jase.202601_29(1).0021

With the widespread integration of distributed renewable energy, distribution networks face significant challenges related to voltage stability, power balance and network losses. Traditional centralized control methods struggle with slow response times and poor adaptability, particularly under dynamic and complex conditions such as renewable energy fluctuations and load variations. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a real-time optimization-based hierarchical control method using Model Predictive Control (MPC) to enhance the stability and efficiency of distribution networks and effectively manage regional energy. The proposed method leverages a hierarchical control architecture based on a DC-bus five-port Energy Router (ER). The port control layer employs distributed control techniques to dynamically adjust the operating modes of photovoltaics (PV) and energy storage systems, ensuring DC bus voltage stability and efficient utilization of regional energy. The energy dispatch layer, guided by sensitivity analysis and rolling optimization, precisely manages power dispatch from regional energy to the distribution network. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively regulates network voltage, reduces losses and maintains the stability and rapid response of the ER, particularly under renewable energy fluctuations. This study provides an effective solution for real-time optimization scheduling and efficient regional energy management in distribution networks.

Keywords: Energy Router; Model Predictive Control; Hierarchical control; Voltage regulation; Regional energy management

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